United Nations Human Rights Council and its mechanisms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46901/revistadadpu.i22.p255-265Palavras-chave:
Human rights, Monitoring, Enforcement of legal and political mechanismsResumo
The distinction between legal and political mechanisms of monitoring and enforcing international human rights law is clear although it may not always appear to be the case specially to anyone who is not dealing with this subject-matter daily. The reason for the confusion comes from the essence of international legal institutions which do not have powers that are common in domestic jurisdictions. In this regard, sometimes political mechanisms play a part in international legal institutions that are not quite usual in their domestic counterparts. In this essay, I will explain where the distinction between these mechanisms is and why it is clear even though sometimes it seems to be the opposite. First, I will explain what the political and legal mechanisms of monitoring and enforcing international human rights law are. Second, I will examine where lies the distinction between them. Third, I will list the points of convergence between these mechanisms. In conclusion, I will finish by suggesting some guidelines that will help to identify the separation between legal and political mechanisms.
Referências
BANTEKAS, I.; OETTE, L. International Human Rights Law and Practice. 2. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
CAVALLARO, J. et al. Doctrine, Practice, and Advocacy in the Inter-American Human Rights System. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
KÄLIN, W.; KÜNZLI, J. The Law of International Human Rights Protection. 2. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
LIMON, M.; POWER, H. History of the United Nations Special Procedures Mechanism: Origins, Evolution and Reform. Universal Rights Group, 2014.
MÉGRET, F.; ALSTON, P. (ed.). The United Nations and Human Rights. 2. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020.
PASQUALUCCI, J. The Practice and Procedure of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. 2. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
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WHYTE, R.; OVEY, C. The European Convention on Human Rights. 5. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
Case
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE. Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of Congo), Merits, Judgement, ICJ Rep 2010.
Resolutions
UNITED NATIONS. Human Rights Committee. General Comment 33 Obligations of States parties under the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, CCPR/C/GC/33, 25 June 2009.
UNITED NATIONS. Human Rights Council. Institution-building of the United Nations Human Rights Council. Resolution A/HRC/RES/5/1, 2006.
ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES. Resolution AG/RES. 2292 (XXXVII-O/07). Observations and Recommendations of the Annual Report of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, 2007.
International Treaties
American Convention on Human Rights “Pact of San José, Costa Rica”. UN Treaty Series, vol. 1144, Aug. 1979.
Statute of the Council of Europe. London, 1949.
United Nations Charter. San Francisco, 1945.
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